The ultimate Korean particle list

1. 같이 의미 : This pattern is equivalent to the phrase Like Something / Someone and is used just like N +처럼. It should be noted that this is different from N +와 같이 저는 한국 사람 같이 한국어를 잘 할 수 있으면 좋겠어요. 저도 미영 씨 같이 요리를 잘 할 수 있을까요 ? 우리 개는 사람 같이 행동해요. 2. 에 의미 : Used to indicate location, direction or time. The grammar point 에 is used with verbs like 가다 오다 도착하다 돌아가다 내려가다 올라가다. It shows the direction in which the reaction proceeds. In English it would be the same as to / from. The second basic meaning of this particle is when it is used with 있다 or 없다. When used with these it expresses the location of a person or thing. In English it would mean " in / on " 날마다 학교에 가요. 화장실 갔다 왔어요. 소파 위에 가방 있어요. 3. 이/가 의미 : The subject marker 이/가 is used to indicate that the preceding noun phrase is the subject of the sentence. 가 Is used after the word which ends with a vowel. 이 Is used with the word ending with a consonant. 고양이가 집 뒤에 있다 날씨가 좋네요 이름이 뭐예요 ? 4. 은/는 의미 : Korean particle 은 or 는 marks preceding words as a topic of the sentence. The use of 은/는 is somewhat similar to a subject marking particle 이/가 but there is a subtle difference between the two. In a very rough sense the word followed by 은/는 has more attention than that followed by 이/가 은 is used when the preceding word ends with the consonant and 는 is used with the preceding word ends with the vowel. 이 김치는 너무 매워요 참기름은 안 쌌어 ? 한국말은 재밌어요. 5. 을/를 의미 : Is attached to the noun to show the object of the sentence. So when making a sentence in Korean the object of the sentence must have 을/를 at the end. When the object ends in a vowel 를 is used and if the word ends with a consonant 을 is used. 그 옷을 원하고 싶다. 사과를 아주 좋아요. 버스를 놓쳤어 아이패드를 샀어요. 6. 처럼 의미 : By attaching the word 처럼 to a noun you can create the meaning of " like (that noun) " N 처럼 is similar to N 같이 밤이 낮처럼 밝았네요 너처럼 게으른 아이 처음 보였다 그 여자는 영화배우처럼 예뻐요 7. 고 의미 : The basic grammar point is used as " and ". A verb comes before the 고 and also after the 고. It's the short of 그리고 which means and V/A - 고 V/A 8. 까지 의미 : Finishing point of time or place. 3시 까지 기다릴 거예요. 그 여자를 지금까지 좋아했어요. 방금까지 달렸어요. 9. (으)나 의미 : (으)나 Is repeated to list alternatives creating an idiomatic expression. The two alternatives have a symmetrical relationship to each other. 비가 오나 눈이 오나 매일 출발한다. 어머니는 자나 깨나 공부만 하라고 해요. 10. 도 의미 : The Korean grammar point 도 is used after a subject and object nouns to show the listing at subjects and objects or an addition of a subject or object to one mentioned previously. Basically the grammar point is the same also and too in English. 무엇도 보이지 않았다. 11. (으)로 의미 : This particle is used to indicate the direction, means, method, capacity, materials, cause etc. It is equivalent to saying towards, to, heading for. 저는 기차로 고향에 가요. 네 생각을 말로 표현해 봐. 이 옷은 세탁기에 넣지 말고 손으로 빠세요. 12. 보다 의미 : It is equivalent to saying rather than in English. 그 여자보다 그 남자가 옷을 잘 입어요. 주스보다 물을 (더) 좋아해요. 어제보다 오늘이 따뜻하다. 13. 부터 의미 : It is used with a noun to show that from a noun an action will start or has started meaning beginning with, first, starting from in English. 이런 주접스러운 생각부터 했다 손부터 씻고 먹어요. 할 일이 많아서 무엇 부터 해야 할지 모르겠어요. 14. (이)나 , 거나, 아니면 의미 : Both ~ (이) 나, and ~거나 can be used in sentences to mean "or'' in Korean, but they cannot be used interchangeably. ~ (이) 나 can be attached to nouns, and ~거나 can be attached to verbs. In Korean, when you want to say "or" you must attach ~ (이) 나 to the first noun. ~이나 gets added to a noun ending in a consonant. ~ 나 gets added to a noun ending in a vowel. You can use ~ 거나 to connect two verbs to each other with "or." ~ 아니다 means "to not be"or something, (the meaning depends on the usage). By combining 아니다 with ~면, we get "아니면"which literally means "if not." 15. 에게 / 한테 / 께 의미 : Used to indicate that you are doing (usually giving) something to somebody. 에게, 한테 and 께 all have the same meaning, but ~ 한테 is usually used in conversation, ~에게 is usually written (although it is still said in conversation very often) and ~ 께 is used when the person you are giving with respect. 께 is the honorific form of 에게 / 한테. 아버지는 아들에게 돈을 준다. 나는 학생들 한테 한국어를 가르쳤 어. 저는 부장님께 그 사실을 말할 거예요. 16. 에서 의미 : Location of an action occurrence or the origin. It is used with Nouns. 회사에서 일해요. 베트남에서 왔어요. 17. 쯤 의미 : Can use Noun 쯤 to say something was about or approximately. 오늘 몇시쯤 만날까요? 한국에 한 달쯤 갈 거예요. 18. 밖에 의미 : This pattern basically means ONLY. This pattern requires tense after 밖에 such as 없다 or any other negation 안 못 etc. 밖에 Means outside so saying N 밖에 없다 would mean there is nothing besides N, you don't have anything outside of N or you only have N. 한국말을 조금밖에 못해요. 지금 200원밖에 없어. 19. 와/과 의미 : This is a conjunction, which connects noun and noun or noun phrase and noun phrase. Same with 'and' in English but '-과'and-와 'are used only to connect nouns and noun phrases. This meaning can also sometimes mean 'with' 삼촌과 살아요. In spoken language, however, people prefer using'(이) 랑 'to using'-과 'and'-와 ' N +와 : If there is no 받침 or if the adj / verb stem ends with a ㄹ 받침. N +과 : If there is a 받침 at the end of the adj / verb stem. 빵과 우유를 먹었어요. 친구와 영화 보러 갈 거예요. 20. (이)랑 의미 : This pattern is equivalent to the phrase with someone / something and is similar to N +와 같이. This pattern is a colloquial style, so it is not commonly used in a written form. N + 랑 : If there is no 받침 or if the adj / verb stem ends with a ㄹ 받침. N + 이랑 : If there is a 받침 at the end of the adj / verb stem. 저는 존 이랑 여행 갔어요. 저는 미영 씨랑 영화 보러 갈 거예요. 21. 하고 의미 : 1st : Used when listing more than one item. It is often used in spoken Korean while 'N 과 /와'are mostly used only in written Korean. In this case, 'N 하고' can be translated into 'N and'. 2nd : Used to show the person with whom you do a certain action. In this case, 'N 하고' can be translated into 'with Noun ' 빵하고 우유를 먹었어요. 저는 엄마하고 살아요. 22. 의 의미 : Korean particle 의 is similar to English 'of' (except the order of nouns before and after 'of'). It is mainly Used to combine two nouns and specifies a possessive role of preceding noun. It can be omitted in many compound nouns. 너의 책 = Your book = Book of yours 도시의 소음 = A noise of the city 엄마의 일기장 = Mom's diary 남 선생님 (의) 종이에요? 팀의 스토리를 정말 좋아해요. 제 이름은 팀이에요. 23. 마다 의미 : This particle means every or each. 일요일마다 서점들이 문을 닫습니다. 사람마다 성격이 달라요. 24. 만 의미 : This Korean grammar point is used with Noun and 만 literally means only/just.